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| “Miracle of the Bread and Fish” by Giovanni Lanfranco, 1620-23 |
Readings and Commentary:[3]
Reading I: James 1:12-18
Blessed is he who perseveres in temptation,
for when he has been proven he will receive the
crown of life
that he promised to those who love him.
No one experiencing temptation should say,
“I am being tempted by God”;
for God is not subject to temptation to evil,
and he himself tempts no one.
Rather, each person is tempted when lured and
enticed by his desire.
Then desire conceives and brings forth sin,
and when sin reaches maturity it gives birth to
death.
Do not be deceived, my beloved brothers and
sisters:
all good giving and every perfect gift is from
above,
coming down from the Father of lights,
with whom there is no alteration or shadow
caused by change.
He willed to give us birth by the word of truth
that we may be a kind of firstfruits of his
creatures.
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Commentary on Jas
1:12-18
This section of St. James' letter
continues his discourse started following the introduction about the value of
trials and temptations. The focus in this selection is on temptation.
James’ letter helps the Christian community understand that temptation comes
from the Evil One in response to human desire. God does not place
temptation in human lives. The one who follows the path of sin finds
death, while the one who overcomes temptation and remains faithful to the “Father
of lights” will find life – the “kind of first fruits of his creatures.”
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Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 94:12-13a, 14-15, 18-19
R. (12a) Blessed the man you
instruct, O Lord.
Blessed the man whom you instruct, O LORD,
whom by your law you teach,
Giving him rest from evil days.
R. Blessed the man you instruct, O Lord.
For the LORD will not cast off his people,
nor abandon his inheritance;
But judgment shall again be with justice,
and all the upright of heart shall follow it.
R. Blessed the man you instruct, O Lord.
When I say, “My foot is slipping,”
your mercy, O LORD, sustains me;
When cares abound within me,
your comfort gladdens my soul.
R. Blessed the man you instruct, O Lord.
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Commentary on Ps
94:12-13a, 14-15, 18-19
Psalm 94 is an individual lament. The strophes
used today reflect faith and confidence in God who will continue to support the
faithful in the face of their enemies. There is a clear implication that faith
in the Lord will prevent the steadfast from falling prey to temptation.
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Gospel: Mark 8:14-21
The disciples had forgotten to bring bread,
and they had only one loaf with them in the
boat.
Jesus enjoined them, “Watch out,
guard against the leaven of the Pharisees
and the leaven of Herod.”
They concluded among themselves that
it was because they had no bread.
When he became aware of this he said to them,
“Why do you conclude that it is because you have
no bread?
Do you not yet understand or comprehend?
Are your hearts hardened?
Do you have eyes and not see, ears and not hear?
And do you not remember,
when I broke the five loaves for the five
thousand,
how many wicker baskets full of fragments you
picked up?”
They answered him, “Twelve.”
“When I broke the seven loaves for the four
thousand,
how many full baskets of fragments did you pick
up?”
They answered him, “Seven.”
He said to them, “Do you still not understand?”
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Commentary on Mk
8:14-21
Following his departure from Dalmanutha (which
he left because the Pharisees were demanding signs like those he performed by
feeding the multitudes), while still in the boat in which they had left, the
disciples begin to worry about not having brought provisions. Jesus uses this
time to warn them about being affected by the rebellious attitude of the
Pharisees and Herod toward him. The leaven of the Pharisees and Herod probably
refers to their inability to accept Jesus as who he is, the Messiah. The
Pharisees and Herodians take the message of hatred and spread it though all the
people like yeast in bread dough.
As is expected of the disciples in St. Mark’s
Gospel, they do not understand, and the Lord must go further. His explanation
makes subtle use of Hebrew numerology, with 12 being symbolic of the 12 tribes
of Israel, and 7 being the perfect number or symbolic of completeness. These
numbers become the representation of the Lord’s mission to fulfill the Law and
Prophets, the complete revelation of God and his Kingdom.
CCC: Mk
8:19 1329
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Reflection
How many times have we heard it? “Why did
God allow that to happen?” or “What kind of a God would visit that kind of
punishment on a good person?” These kinds of questions, left unanswered,
strengthen the ranks of the fallen. When we accept that there is a God,
the ultimate source of good and the author of life, we must also accept the
existence of his antithesis – the Evil One, the Devil. From the very beginning
of man’s encounter with his creator there has been that force/persona which
seeks to turn us away from him. We will
go further and say that the reason many fall away from the faith is because
they have been seduced into believing that the Evil One does not exist (even
though they may say they believe in God).
It is so much easier to believe only in the
loving and merciful God who sent his only Son into the world that we might live,
and forget that there is a dark and evil side. There is evil constantly beckoning
us, inviting us to take an easier road, a more pleasant-seeming alternative to
the difficult path offered by our Lord. This confrontation between good
and evil has been held up in great fiction as well as scripture. It is
not as if it were hidden (we need only look at fairy tales like Hansel
and Gretel or even Star Wars). Yet when bad things happen,
how often do those affected blame God.
We are reminded of the small child who is told
by its parents not to go near the stove because it’s hot. The curious
child does not pay attention and goes to the stove and is burned. They
then turn to their parents and blame them for turning the stove on.
We must never get complacent about the Evil
One. We must never get overconfident and think: “I am so strong in my
faith that no evil may touch me.” The more faith-filled an individual is
the more effort the Evil One will expend to cause that person to fall, and the
fall will be much farther, and much more painful.
The leaven of the Evil One is active in the
world. The Lord cautioned his disciples against it; St. James pointed it
out to the early Christians. We are warned: let us not fall to the
beautiful traps so cunningly laid for us.
Pax
[1]
The picture
is “Miracle of the Bread and Fish” by Giovanni Lanfranco, 1620-23.
[3]
The
readings are taken from the New American Bible with the exception of the Psalm
and its response which were developed by the International Committee for
English in Liturgy (ICEL). This re-publication is not authorized by USCCB and
is for private use only.
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