Friday, February 28, 2014

Saturday of the Seventh Week in Ordinary Time


“Let the children come to me”
by Vogel Von Vogelstein c. 1815
(Optional Memorial of the Blessed Virgin Mary)

On Saturdays in Ordinary Time when there is no obligatory memorial, an optional memorial of the Blessed Virgin Mary is allowed[1]. Mass texts may be taken from the Common of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from a Votive Mass, or from the special collection of Masses for the Blessed Virgin Mary.



Readings and Commentary:[4]

Reading 1: James 5:13-20

Beloved:
Is anyone among you suffering?
He should pray.
Is anyone in good spirits?
He should sing a song of praise.
Is anyone among you sick?
He should summon the presbyters of the Church,
and they should pray over him
and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord.
The prayer of faith will save the sick person,
and the Lord will raise him up.
If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven.

Therefore, confess your sins to one another
and pray for one another, that you may be
healed. The fervent prayer of a righteous person is very powerful.
Elijah was a man like us;
yet he prayed earnestly that it might not rain,
and for three years and six months it did not rain upon the land.
Then Elijah prayed again, and the sky gave rain
and the earth produced its fruit.

My brothers and sisters,
if anyone among you should stray from the truth
and someone bring him back,
he should know that whoever brings back a sinner
from the error of his way will save his soul from death
and will cover a multitude of sins.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Jas 5:13-20

St. James offers a treatise on the power and need for prayer in the Christian Community. In the first instance he addresses the power of healing, giving strong scriptural support for the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick (“…He should summon the presbyters of the Church, and they should pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord.”). This practice was also mentioned in Mark (see Mark 6:13) as the Twelve anoint the sick on their missionary journey.

Next the author promotes the confession of sins as part of this process (“If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven”) and as a practice in general as part of the process of coming before God in prayer. The concluding verses (19-20) speak of reconciliation of those who have sinned and come back to the way of truth and the grace given to those who lead them back.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 141:1-2, 3 and 8

R. (2a) Let my prayer come like incense before you.

O Lord, to you I call; hasten to me;
hearken to my voice when I call upon you.
Let my prayer come like incense before you;
the lifting up of my hands, like the evening sacrifice.
R. Let my prayer come like incense before you.

O Lord, set a watch before my mouth,
a guard at the door of my lips.
For toward you, O God, my Lord, my eyes are turned;
in you I take refuge; strip me not of life.
R. Let my prayer come like incense before you.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Ps 141:1-2, 3 and 8

Psalm 141 is an individual lament. This part of the hymn supports the power of prayer and the need for God’s grace provided in answer to these pleas. The faith of the just will not be rejected and the salvation of God will be given to those who ask. See also the remarks on Psalm 142 .

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gospel: Mark 10:13-16

People were bringing children to Jesus that he might touch them,
but the disciples rebuked them.
When Jesus saw this he became indignant and said to them,
“Let the children come to me; do not prevent them,
for the Kingdom of God belongs to such as these.
Amen, I say to you,
whoever does not accept the Kingdom of God like a child
will not enter it.”
Then he embraced the children and blessed them,
placing his hands on them.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Mk 10:13-16

This picture of Jesus demonstrates that those who had seen his works and heard his words saw in him greatness. They brought their children to him instinctively that they might receive the grace empowered by his touch. This activity made his disciples indignant that their master should be pestered by these little ones. The Lord, however, used this as a teaching moment and told the crowd that only complete dependence upon God’s support would allow them salvation (“…for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these.”).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reflection:

We must, given the direction offered by Sacred Scripture, contemplate the need and power for prayer in our lives.  If we think about the relationship we hope to establish with God our Father and His Son Jesus, we can use as a worldly model the relationships we build on earth.

When we wish to get to know someone well, we speak with them.  We ask them questions we hope that by speaking with them we can uncover who they are, where they were from, how and where did they grow up, what do they like and dislike.  The more intensely we want this relationship, the deeper and more intensely we talk to them, spending hours conversing about all manner of things.

With members of our own families, much of this discussion is not necessary since we share a common history and life. Much of what we need to know we have learned through long association.  The love we have for these family members is stimulated by our common desires, our common experiences, and the deep understanding we build with them over time.  A child knows the mind of their loving parent so well that the worst thing they could contemplate is disappointing that parent through actions they know would be against their wishes.  Likewise the child knows without question that if they are in trouble, their loving parent will do everything in their power to rescue them from that situation.  And if that child falls ill, the loving parent does whatever they can to see the child of their love is returned to health.

The analogy comes so easily.  If we wish to know God, to build that relationship with Him, prayer is one of our best approaches.  Much of who God is and what he likes and does not like, we discover in the Sacred Texts of the Bible.  The deeper we delve into that treasure chest of past experiences of God, the better we understand how to know Him in our lives.  But God is not just a “Historical Figure”, he is a living God who loves and cares for us.  It is this present and living Trinity that we want to know.  So we talk to Him.  We tell him we love him, we honor him because he deserves honor, and when we are in need, we ask for his help.  We ask, confident as the child with a loving parent, that he will do all he can to save us from our difficulty.  He may show us the way, he may open a door, and if all that is not enough and he wishes to demonstrate his love more visibly, he may offer up a miracle.  They are more common than we know.

Today we pray to know our Loving Father better.  We thank him for all he has done for us and in a special way, we pray for all those who are sick that through the Sacrament of Anointing, they might be restored to health and oneness with our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

Pax





[2] ALTRE
[3] The picture today “Let the children come to me” by Vogel Von Vogelstein c. 1815
[4] The readings are taken from the New American Bible with the exception of the Psalm and its response which were developed by the International Committee for English in Liturgy (ICEL).  This re-publication is not authorized by USCCB and is for private use only.

Thursday, February 27, 2014

Friday of the Seventh Week in Ordinary Time


“Wedding Feast at Cana”
by Rufilio Manetti, 1620


Readings and Commentary:[3]


Do not complain, brothers and sisters, about one another,
that you may not be judged.
Behold, the Judge is standing before the gates.
Take as an example of hardship and patience, brothers and sisters,
the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord.
Indeed we call blessed those who have persevered.
You have heard of the perseverance of Job,
and you have seen the purpose of the Lord,
because the Lord is compassionate and merciful.

But above all, my brothers and sisters, do not swear,
either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath,
but let your “Yes” mean “Yes” and your “No” mean “No,”
that you may not incur condemnation.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Jas 5:9-12

Just prior to this excerpt from the Letter of St. James is an exhortation to patience. There is also a clear expectation that the Parousia is at hand. The author then points to the example of the prophets, especially Job to keep God foremost in their minds especially during trying times reemphasizing Christian patience. He concludes with a prohibition against “oath taking”, a means by which the Jewish community circumvented the binding force of the law and avoided using God’s name in vein.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R. (8a) The Lord is kind and merciful.

Bless the Lord, O my soul;
and all my being, bless his holy name.
Bless the Lord, O my soul,
and forget not all his benefits.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.

He pardons all your iniquities,
he heals all your ills.
He redeems your life from destruction,
he crowns you with kindness and compassion.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.

Merciful and gracious is the Lord,
slow to anger and abounding in kindness.
He will not always chide,
nor does he keep his wrath forever.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.

For as the heavens are high above the earth,
so surpassing is his kindness toward those who fear him.
As far as the east is from the west,
so far has he put our transgressions from us.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Psalm 103 is a song of praise to God for his mercy. It recognizes both God’s mercy and our need, as sinners, for it.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Jesus came into the district of Judea and across the Jordan.
Again crowds gathered around him and, as was his custom,
he again taught them.
The Pharisees approached him and asked,
“Is it lawful for a husband to divorce his wife?”
They were testing him.
He said to them in reply, “What did Moses command you?”
They replied,
“Moses permitted a husband to write a bill of divorce
and dismiss her.”
But Jesus told them,
“Because of the hardness of your hearts
he wrote you this commandment.
But from the beginning of creation, God made them male and female.
For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother
and be joined to his wife,
and the two shall become one flesh.
So they are no longer two but one flesh.
Therefore what God has joined together,
no human being must separate.”
In the house the disciples again questioned Jesus about this.He said to them,
“Whoever divorces his wife and marries another
commits adultery against her;
and if she divorces her husband and marries another,
she commits adultery.”
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Mk 10:1-12

This passage gives us the scriptural support for the Church’s view of the “Sacrament of Matrimony”. The Pharisees question to Jesus and their response to his; “Moses permitted him to write a bill of divorce and dismiss her." shows the Mosaic Law they are referring to (Deuteronomy 24:1) dealt with a contractual relationship. Jesus, in quoting Genesis (see Genesis 1:27 and 2:24) speaks instead of the spiritual bond which joins husband and wife. This bond cannot be broken (“…what God has joined together, no human being must separate.").

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reflection:

Understanding the reading from the Gospel of St. Mark is critical for us if we are to understand the Church’s view of the Sacrament of Marriage.  In the past the view was popularly held that the Church forbade divorce entirely because of the statement “Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her; and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery.”

The historical difficulty here is the clear reference earlier in the passage stating; “Therefore what God has joined together, no human being must separate.”  The key idea there is that God has joined them, not man, not a civil contract that can be ratified by a Justice of the Peace or a civil judge.  What God has joined in marriage is an unbreakable bond.  It is a covenant that includes God the Father and is seen as a living symbol of Christ and his bride, the Church.  If this bond is present, it cannot be broken.

Does this mean that all marriages witnessed by the Church include this sacramental bond?  We do our very best to insure they do, but the Sacrament of Marriage is a lived sacrament.  The Church does not “administer” the Sacrament of Marriage as it does Baptism or the Eucharist. 

The Church, through its Marriage preparation programs tries to insure the sacramental bond is present.  But, it is like a scientist using a very powerful microscope to look at the molecular structure of some material.  Is he able to see the chemical bonds that hold the material together and make it the compound it appears to be?  No, he cannot see the bonds but, depending upon how the material reacts under different circumstances (especially when he tries to take it apart) the bonds demonstrate their existence even though they are invisible to the human eye.

The civil contract of marriage can be easily broken.  It is just like any business contract.  There are terms and conditions and there are remedies in civil law.  The only cost is legal fees.  If the civil contract is nullified in what was presumed to have been a sacramental marriage, does that mean the sacramental bond that was presumed to have existed at the time it was validly witnessed in a Church was also nullified?  No!  That is why there is a Tribunal in each diocese.  To make sure that the sacramental bond was never present.  If present, it cannot be broken, if not present, the civil bond was all that bound the couple in the first place.

This whole view is widely misunderstood, even within the ranks of the faithful and we need to, whenever we encounter these misunderstandings, correct them.  Jesus said; “What God has joined together, no human being must separate.”  Thank God for his unfailing love for us.

Pax




[1] ALTRE
[2] The picture today is “Wedding Feast at Cana” by Rufilio Manetti, 1620
[3] The readings are taken from the New American Bible with the exception of the Psalm and its response which were developed by the International Committee for English in Liturgy (ICEL).  This re-publication is not authorized by USCCB and is for private use only.

Wednesday, February 26, 2014

Thursday of the Seventh Week in Ordinary Time


“St. Lawrence Giving the Wealth to the Poor”
by Palma Giovane, 1581-82


Readings and Commentary:[3]

Reading 1: James 5:1-6

Come now, you rich, weep and wail over your impending miseries.
Your wealth has rotted away, your clothes have become moth-eaten,
your gold and silver have corroded,
and that corrosion will be a testimony against you;
it will devour your flesh like a fire.
You have stored up treasure for the last days.
Behold, the wages you withheld from the workers
who harvested your fields are crying aloud;
and the cries of the harvesters
have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.
You have lived on earth in luxury and pleasure;
you have fattened your hearts for the day of slaughter.
You have condemned;
you have murdered the righteous one;
he offers you no resistance.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Jas 5:1-6

The author reminds the audience of the importance of building up spiritual riches rather than secular wealth. This passage could be a commentary on the parable of Lazarus and the Rich Man (see Luke 16:19-31). The transitory nature of wealth is decried (“…Your wealth has rotted away, your clothes have become moth-eaten, your gold and silver have corroded”) and God’s coming justice for the poor is predicted (“…the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.”)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R. (Matthew 5:3) Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

This is the way of those whose trust is folly,
the end of those contented with their lot:
Like sheep they are herded into the nether world;
death is their shepherd and the upright rule over them.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Quickly their form is consumed;
the nether world is their palace.
But God will redeem me
from the power of the nether world by receiving me.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Fear not when a man grows rich,
when the wealth of his house becomes great,
For when he dies, he shall take none of it;
his wealth shall not follow him down.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Though in his lifetime he counted himself blessed,
“They will praise you for doing well for yourself,”
He shall join the circle of his forebears
who shall never more see light.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Psalm 49 (a “Wisdom Psalm”) echoes, in these strophes, the hellish fate of the unjust rich. Like Ecclesiastes (see Ecclesiastes 1;2ff) and the letter of St. James (James 5:1-6), the psalmist explains that the wealth of this earth cannot be taken into the next.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gospel: Mark 9:41-50

Jesus said to his disciples:
“Anyone who gives you a cup of water to drink
because you belong to Christ,
amen, I say to you, will surely not lose his reward.

“Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin,
it would be better for him if a great millstone
were put around his neck
and he were thrown into the sea.
If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off.
It is better for you to enter into life maimed
than with two hands to go into Gehenna,
into the unquenchable fire.
And if your foot causes you to sin, cut if off.
It is better for you to enter into life crippled
than with two feet to be thrown into Gehenna.
And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out.
Better for you to enter into the Kingdom of God with one eye
than with two eyes to be thrown into Gehenna,
where their worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched.

“Everyone will be salted with fire.
Salt is good, but if salt becomes insipid,
with what will you restore its flavor?
Keep salt in yourselves and you will have peace with one another.”
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Mk 9:41-50

In this passage, Jesus finishes his warning to the disciples against jealousy and intolerance toward others. Having said that he warns that those who call people to faith in him, even if they do not walk with the disciples are friends. He speaks of those who would lead the people away from him, again using the “Little Child” as a symbol of the weak in spirit and the poor. Those that do so, or who are tempted to do so, should resist such temptation at any price or they will find an eternal punishment waiting for them using a paraphrase from Isaiah 66:24.

The final verse speaks of salt using the analogy of purifying and preserving food. The word of Christ will have the same effect e.g. purifying and preserving the believer.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Homily:

There are those who would say that Holy Scripture, properly used should always be “uplifting”.  Today, instead we get a reality check.  When we hear that God will deal harshly with the unjust rich, those who covet their wealth and ignore the plight of those less fortunate, we are forced to examine our own circumstances.  We, who live in the richest nation on earth must constantly be vigilant not to allow wealth to become the motive for what we do.  As scripture points out, there are unpleasant consequences.

It is easy to fall into that trap of serving wealth instead of God.  Our society praises those who are able to gain great wealth.  Likewise society tends to turn a blind eye on those who abuse that wealth and the power that comes with it.  Our children are exposed to these misguided values (“Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown into the sea”).and it is sometimes tempting to rationalize that by focusing on the accumulation of wealth, we can do more good with the money we hoard. 

Look at the transcripts from the recent exchange between corporate executives of the oil companies and the Senate Energy Committee.  When asked how they could continue to justify huge profits while the people are suffering because of high gas prices; their response was that they are forcing the country to become better at conserving those energy resources.  Even a firm believer in the free enterprise system would agree that sometimes things get out of hand.

The Gospel mandate is clear.  While we are called to use the gifts God gives us to provide for ourselves and our families, we must constantly be on guard against allowing our search for prosperity override the need to express God’s love to those with less.  Our prayer today is a simple one; God help the prosperity of the work of our hands for your greater glory and may what we do help those less fortunate, that they too might know their loving Father and His Son, Jesus.

Pax


[1] ALTRE
[2] The picture used today is “St. Lawrence Giving the Wealth to the Poor” by Palma Giovane, 1581-82
[3] The readings are taken from the New American Bible with the exception of the Psalm and its response which were developed by the International Committee for English in Liturgy (ICEL).  This re-publication is not authorized by USCCB and is for private use only.

Tuesday, February 25, 2014

Wednesday of the Seventh Week in Ordinary Time


“Landscape with Christ and His Disciples”
by Francisque Millet, c. 1660’s


Readings and Commentary:[3]

Reading 1: James 4:13-17

Beloved:
Come now, you who say,
“Today or tomorrow we shall go into such and such a town,
spend a year there doing business, and make a profit”–
you have no idea what your life will be like tomorrow.
You are a puff of smoke that appears briefly and then disappears.
Instead you should say,
“If the Lord wills it, we shall live to do this or that.”
But now you are boasting in your arrogance.
All such boasting is evil.
So for one who knows the right thing to do
and does not do it, it is a sin.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on James 4:13-17

St. James points out the need to submit humbly to God’s plan rather than being arrogant in human strength.  He exhorts the people to pray for guidance in all things and tells them that when His will is revealed, to go against it falls into sin (“…for one who knows the right thing to do and does not do it, it is a sin.”)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 49:2-3, 6-7, 8-10, 11

R. (Matthew 5:3) Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Hear this, all you peoples;
hearken, all who dwell in the world,
Of lowly birth or high degree,
rich and poor alike.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Why should I fear in evil days
when my wicked ensnarers ring me round?
They trust in their wealth;
the abundance of their riches is their boast.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Yet in no way can a man redeem himself,
or pay his own ransom to God;
Too high is the price to redeem one’s life; he would never have enough
to remain alive always and not see destruction.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!

For he can see that wise men die,
and likewise the senseless and the stupid pass away,
leaving to others their wealth.
R. Blessed are the poor in spirit; the Kingdom of heaven is theirs!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Ps 49:2-3, 6-7, 8-10, 11

Psalm 49 is a “Wisdom Psalm”. The psalmist addresses all the faithful, rich and poor alike. Those who trust in God will be saved; those who trust in their own strength and wealth will fall to ruin. The spirit of God is eternal but physical wealth parishes with the body.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gospel: Mark 9:38-40

John said to Jesus,
“Teacher, we saw someone driving out demons in your name,
and we tried to prevent him because he does not follow us.”
Jesus replied, “Do not prevent him.
There is no one who performs a mighty deed in my name
who can at the same time speak ill of me.
For whoever is not against us is for us.”
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commentary on Mk 9:38-40

Still responding to the Disciples confusion following the casting out of the unclean spirit that could only be cast out through prayer (see Mark 9:17-29), Jesus warns his friends about being exclusivist in representing himself. He tells them that those who do good in his name, are joined with them in proclaiming the truth of the Kingdom of God and should not be considered as enemies but as coworkers in the mission upon which he was sent and warns the disciples about jealousy and intolerance toward others who use the Lord’s name but are not traveling with them. “For whoever is not against us is for us.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reflection:

It is said that the proof that God has a sense of humor is that he allows mankind to make plans.  It is interesting to see St. James pointing out that, for the Christian it is important to pray about life decisions and to listen to God’s plan.  He contrasts this with those who believe that it is through their own will their goals will be accomplished.

This same theme is carried out in Psalm 49.  The psalmist says “Why should I fear in evil days when my wicked ensnarers ring me round? They trust in their wealth; the abundance of their riches is their boast.”  Those who trust in their own ability to amass wealth will find, in the end, an empty heart and the treasure they build up on earth will stay on earth.  What did they sacrifice to attain what they the wealth they build?  Look at the wealthy who live for their wealth.  It controls them and directs them.  It happens to all of us.

Think for a moment about the “things” you have.  Let’s take for instance a car.  A car is a wonderful thing.  It takes us were we want to go.  It can go great distances and provide us with comfort and safety.  If we look at the car as a status symbol as many people do, way beyond transportation, it can take control over our lives.  It needs to be scrupulously maintained if it is to project the image of the vain owner.  It needs to be protected from dings and dents, maintained by top mechanics, and even though it loses much of its value in the first two years of ownership, many who own such vehicles trade them in at the time when they have lost that big chunk of value. 

All of this costs money and money comes through labor or shrewd dealings.  It takes time and effort.  Supporting this “thing” requires the owner to devote a portion of their time to earning the money to have it.  The more “Things” one has, the greater the portion of time necessary to fund them.  Since time is something there is only so much of, the more time necessary for supporting “things” the less time is available for other activities.  Family suffers, friends suffer, and God suffers.  Is it any wonder wealthy people are frequently the loneliest people in the world?

There is a good reason most religious orders require a vow of poverty.  The distraction of physical wealth can devastate the soul.  Today we pray for God’s guidance in all that we do.  We pray also that the “Things” we own do not own us and that we can always put them aside and keep God, who gives us treasure in heaven, first in our lives.

Pax




[1] ALTRE
[2] The picture is “Landscape with Christ and His Disciples” by Francisque Millet, c. 1660’s
[3] The readings are taken from the New American Bible with the exception of the Psalm and its response which were developed by the International Committee for English in Liturgy (ICEL).  This re-publication is not authorized by USCCB and is for private use only.